Research Publications - Los Angeles Fetal Surgery

Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia
A lpha Thalassemia
Amniotic Bands
Chorioangioma
Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM)
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH)
COVID-19 and Twins
Discordant Anomalous or Complicated Twins
Fetal Anemia
Fetal Muscle Biopsy
Iatrogenic Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane (iPPROM)
Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction (LUTO)
Spina Bifida / Myelomeningocele (MMC)
Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction (SIUGR)
Twin Anemia Transfusion Polycythemia (TAPS)
Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion (TRAP)
Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS)
Vasa Previa

Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia

Maternal hemolysis after intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia
Rink BD, Gonik B, Chmait RH, O’Shaughnessy R.
Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Feb; 121(2 Pt 2 Suppl 1):471-3.
http://10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182765c63
PMID: 23344412

Alpha Thalassemia

Perinatal Management of Bart’s Hemoglobinopathy: Paradoxical Effects of Intrauterine, Transplacental, and Partial Exchange Transfusions
Curran, M., Mikhael, M., Sun, W. D., Lim, J., Leung, A., Morchi, G., & Chmait, R. H. (2020). AJP reports, 10(1), e11–e14.
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3401799

Amniotic Bands

Pseudoamniotic Band Syndrome Post Fetal Thoracoamniotic Shunting for Bilateral Hydrothorax
Han M, Afshar Y, Chon AH, Scibetta E, Rao R, Chmait RH.
Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Aug;36(4):311-318. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1313915. Epub 2017 Apr 28. Erratum in: Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2018 Apr;37(2):140
PMID: 28453379

Salvage of Necrotic-Appearing Limb after In Utero Endoscopic Lysis of Constriction Bands
Abdel-Sattar M, Chon A, Chen B, Burkhalter W, Chmait RH.
AJP Rep. 2017 Apr;7(2):e74-e78. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1602125.
PMID: 28428904

In utero release of constriction amniotic bands via blunt dissection
Assaf R, Llanes A, Chmait R.
Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2012 Feb;31(1):25-9. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2011.618875. Epub 2011 Oct 21.
PMID: 22017664

Chorioangioma

Giant chorioangioma treated in utero via laser of feeding vessels with subsequent development of multifocal infantile hemangiomas
Jhun KM, Nassar P, Chen TS, Sardesai S, Chmait RH.
Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2015 Feb;34(1):1-8. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2014.925018. Epub 2014 Jun 18.
PMID: 24941233

Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation of feeding vessels to a large placental chorioangioma following fetal deterioration after amnioreduction
Jones K, Tierney K, Grubbs BH, Pruetz JD, Detterich J, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2012;31(3):191-5. doi: 10.1159/000331944. Epub 2011 Nov 12.
PMID: 22086270

Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM)

The Use of Fetal Bronchoscopy in the Diagnosis and Management of a Suspected Obstructive Lung Mass
Chon AH, Stein JE, Gerstenfeld T, Wang L, Vazquez WD, Chmait RH.
AJP Rep. 2018 Jul;8(3):e195-e200. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1673378. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
PMID: 30258699

Types II and III congenital pulmonary airway malformation with hydrops treated in utero with percutaneous sclerotherapy
Chon AH, Korst LM, Abdel-Sattar M, Llanes A, Ouzounian JG, Chmait RH.
Prenat Diagn. 2018 Jun;38(7):493-498. doi: 10.1002/pd.5266. Epub 2018 May 7.
PMID: 29665020

A Complication of Percutaneous Sclerotherapy for Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation: Intravascular Injection and Cardiac Necrosis
H Chon A, Takeda MR, Felix JC, Chmait RH.
Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Dec;36(6):437-444. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1346017. Epub 2017 Dec 5.
PMID: 29206544

Treatment of congenital pulmonary airway malformation induced hydrops fetalis via percutaneous sclerotherapy
Lee FL, Said N, Grikscheit TC, Shin CE, Llanes A, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2012;31(4):264-8. doi: 10.1159/000336226. Epub 2012 Feb 18.
PMID: 22354268

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH)

In utero Treatment of Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome via Fetal Laryngoscopy and EXIT Procedure
Sabra, R., Gheorghe, C. P., Monson, M. A., Masri, J., & Chmait, R. H. (2022). Fetal diagnosis and therapy, 1–9. Advance online publication.
DOI: 10.1159/000526798

The observed vs. expected lung-to-head ratio does not correct for the effect of gestational age on the lung-to-head ratio
Quintero RA, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero LF, Landy DC, Gonzalez R, Chmait RH.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013 Apr;26(6):552-7. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2012.736000. Epub 2012 Nov 9.
PMID: 23046345

Intraluminal tracheal occlusion using a modified 8-mm Z-stent in a sheep model of left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Sosa-Sosa C, Bermúdez C, Chmait RH, Kontopoulos E, Córdoba Y, Guevara-Zuloaga F, Steffensen T, Quintero RA. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2012 Nov;25(11):2346-53.
DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2012.695825. Epub 2012 Jun 19.
PMID: 22631591

COVID-19 and Twins

Complicated Monochorionic-Diamniotic Twins in a Pregnant Woman with COVID-19 in the Second Trimester
Mok, T., Contreras, D., Chmait, R. H., Goldstein, J., Pluym, I. D., Tabsh, K., Aldrovandi, G., & Afshar, Y. (2021). American journal of perinatology, 38(7), 747–752.
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1726428

Discordant Anomalous or Complicated Twins

Risk Factors for Co-Twin Fetal Demise following Radiofrequency Ablation in Multifetal Monochorionic Gestations
Gabby, L. C., Chon, A. H., Korst, L. M., Llanes, A., & Chmait, R. H. (2020). Fetal diagnosis and therapy, 1–7. Advance online publication.
DOI: 10.1159/000509401

Comparison of umbilical cord occlusion methods: Radiofrequency ablation versus laser photocoagulation
Abdel-Sattar M, Chon AH, Llanes A, Korst LM, Ouzounian JG, Chmait RH.
Prenat Diagn. 2018 Jan;38(2):110-116. doi: 10.1002/pd.5196. Epub 2018 Jan 9.
PMID: 29239485

Midtrimester isolated oligohydramnios in monochorionic diamniotic multiple gestations
Chon AH, Korst LM, Assaf RD, Llanes A, Ouzounian JG, Chmait RH.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2019 Feb;32(4):590-596. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1387530. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
PMID: 28965437

Umbilical Cord Occlusion via Laser Coagulation in Monochorionic Multifetal Gestations before and after 20 Weeks of Gestation
King JR, Conturie CL, Ouzounian JG, Korst LM, Llanes A, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2017;42(1):9-16. doi: 10.1159/000448948. Epub 2016 Aug 31.
PMID: 27577884

Midtrimester isolated polyhydramnios in monochorionic diamniotic multiple gestations
Chon AH, Korst LM, Llanes A, Miller DA, Ouzounian JG, Chmait RH.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Sep;211(3):303.e1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.05.028. Epub 2014 May 23.
PMID: 24858201

Chimerism in monochorionic dizygotic twins: case study and review
Chen K, Chmait RH, Vanderbilt D, Wu S, Randolph L.
Am J Med Genet A. 2013 Jul;161A(7):1817-24. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35957. Epub 2013 May 22. Review.
PMID: 23703979

Duplicity: Sonography suggested a twin gestation was dichorionic-and monochorionic
Chmait RH, Floyd R, Benirschke K.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Jul;205(1):87.e1-2. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.063. Epub 2011 Mar 5. No abstract available.
PMID: 21529761

Prenatal diagnosis of spontaneous septostomy of the dividing membranes in complicated monochorionic diamniotic multiple gestations.
Chmait RH, Aghajanian P, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero RA.
J Ultrasound Med. 2009 May;28(5):663-8.
PMID: 19389906

Operative fetoscopy in complicated monochorionic twins: current status and future direction
Chmait RH, Quintero RA.
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Apr;20(2):169-74. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0b013e3282f52f72. Review.
PMID: 18388818

Fetal Anemia

Middle Cerebral Artery Doppler Changes following Fetal Transfusion Performed with and without Fetal Anesthesia
Uquillas KR, Aboudiab MS, Korst LM, Llanes A, Grubbs BH, Chmait RH.
Am J Perinatol. 2018 Jun;35(7):682-687. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1613683. Epub 2017 Dec 11.
PMID: 29228401

Treatment of Complicated Spontaneous Twin Anemia-Polycythemia Sequence via Fetoscopic Laser Ablation of the Vascular Communications
Abdel-Sattar M, Platt LD, DeVore G, Porto M, Benirschke K, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2015;38(3):233-7. doi: 10.1159/000362271. Epub 2014 Aug 13.
PMID: 25138968

Middle cerebral artery Doppler and hemoglobin changes immediately following fetal transfusion
Grubbs BH, Korst LM, Llanes A, Chmait RH.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013 Jan;26(2):155-7. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2012.725114. Epub 2012 Sep 24.
PMID: 22937816

Spontaneous twin anemia-polycythemia sequence complicated by recipient placental vascular thrombosis and hydrops fetalis
Assaf SA, Benirschke K, Chmait RH.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2011 Mar;24(3):549-52. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2010.497878. Epub 2010 Jul 1.
PMID: 20593976

Fetal Muscle Biopsy

Mutation in an mtDNA protein-coding gene: prenatal diagnosis aided by fetal muscle biopsy
Shanske S, Naini A, Chmait RH, Akman HO, Mansukhani M, Lu J, Hirano M, DiMauro S.
J Child Neurol. 2013 Feb;28(2):264-8. doi: 10.1177/0883073812441067. Epub 2012 Apr 24.
PMID: 22532554

Iatrogenic Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane (iPPROM)

Risks of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes and Preterm Birth Post Fetoscopy Based on Location of Trocar Insertion Site
Chmait RH, Chon AH, Korst LM, Llanes A, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero RA.
Am J Perinatol. 2018 Jul;35(8):801-808. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1620268. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
PMID: 29320800

Amniopatch treatment of iatrogenic preterm premature rupture of membranes (iPPROM) after fetoscopic laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chmait RH, Kontopoulos EV, Chon AH, Korst LM, Llanes A, Quintero RA.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017 Jun;30(11):1349-1354. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1214123. Epub 2016 Aug 10.
PMID: 27686840

Amniopatch as a treatment for rupture of membranes following laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Pathak B, Khan A, Assaf SA, Miller DA, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2010;27(3):134-7. doi: 10.1159/000275685. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
PMID: 20090293

Preterm premature rupture of membranes: vascular endothelial growth factor and its association with histologic chorioamnionitis
Daneshmand SS, Chmait RH, Moore TR, Bogic L.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002 Nov;187(5):1131-6.
PMID: 12439490

Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction (LUTO)

Fetal Serum β2-Microglobulin and Postnatal Renal Function in Lower Urinary Tract ObstructionTreated with Vesicoamniotic Shunt
Chon AH, de Oliveira GH, Lemley KV, Korst LM, Assaf RD, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2017;42(1):17-27. doi: 10.1159/000448952. Epub 2016 Sep 8.
PMID: 27603215

In utero management of fetal lower urinary tract obstruction with a novel shunt: a landmark development in fetal therapy
Quintero RA, Gomez Castro LA, Bermudez C, Chmait RH, Kontopoulos EV.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2010 Aug;23(8):806-12. doi: 10.3109/14767050903443491.
PMID: 19968590

Complementary roles of sonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of fetal urinary tract anomalies
Barseghyan K, Jackson HA, Chmait R, De Filippo RE, Miller DA.
J Ultrasound Med. 2008 Nov;27(11):1563-9.
PMID: 18946095

Spina Bifida / Myelomeningocele (MMC)

Percutaneous/mini-laparotomy fetoscopic repair of open spina bifida: a novel surgical technique
Chmait RH, Monson MA, Pham HQ, Chu JK, Van Speybroeck A, Chon AH, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero RA. 2022. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Sep;227(3):375-383.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.05.032 | Epub 2022 Jun 23 | PMID: 35752302

Experience of 300 cases of prenatal fetoscopic open spina bifida repair: report of the International Fetoscopic Neural Tube Defect Repair Consortium
Sanz Cortes M, Chmait RH, Lapa DA, Belfort MA, Carreras E, Miller JL, Brawura Biskupski Samaha R, Sepulveda Gonzalez G, Gielchinsky Y, Yamamoto M, Persico N, Santorum M, Otaño L, Nicolaou E, Yinon Y, Faig-Leite F, Brandt R, Whitehead W, Maiz N, Baschat A, Kosinski P, Nieto-Sanjuanero A, Chu J, Kershenovich A, Nicolaides KH.Am J Obstet Gynecol.
2021 Dec; 225(6):678.e1-678.e11 | DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.05.044 | Epub 2021 Jun 3 |
PMID: 34089698

Percutaneous fetoscopic spina bifida repair: effect on ambulation and need for postnatal cerebrospinal fluid diversion and bladder catheterization
Lapa DA, Chmait RH, Gielchinsky Y, Yamamoto M, Persico N, Santorum M, Gil MM, Trigo L, Quintero RA, Nicolaides KH.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol
2021 Oct; 58(4):582-589 | DOI: 10.1002/uog.23658 | Epub 2021 Sep 13 | PMID: 33880811

Amylase concentration and activity in the amniotic fluid of fetal rats with retinoic acid induced myelomeningocele
Sasso, E. B., Thornton, M. E., Chmait, R. H., Ouzounian, J. G., & Grubbs, B. H. (2022). The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 35(1), 147–154.
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1713082

Fetal blood gases after in utero carbon dioxide insufflation for percutaneous fetoscopic spina bifida repair
Sangara, R. N., Chon, A. H., Van Speybroeck, A. L., Chu, J. K., Llanes, A. S., Kontopoulos, E. V., Quintero, R. A., & Chmait, R. H. (2021). American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM, 3(5), 100409.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2021.100409

Percutaneous fetoscopic closure of large open spina bifida using a bilaminar skin substitute
Lapa Pedreira DA, Acacio GL, Gonçalves RT, Sá RAM, Brandt RA, Chmait RH, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero RA.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Oct;52(4):458-466. doi: 10.1002/uog.19001.
PMID: 29314321

Fetoscopic repair of spina bifida: safer and better?
Pedreira DA, Reece EA, Chmait RH, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero RA.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Aug;48(2):141-7. doi: 10.1002/uog.15987. No abstract available.
PMID: 27273812

Amniotic fluid levels of phospholipase A2 in fetal rats with retinoic acid induced myelomeningocele: the potential “second hit” in neurologic damage
Agarwal R, Thornton ME, Fonteh AN, Harrington MG, Chmait RH, Grubbs BH.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016 Sep;29(18):3003-8. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1112373. Epub 2015 Nov 23.
PMID: 26513600

Endoscopic surgery for the antenatal treatment of myelomeningocele: the CECAM trial
Pedreira DA, Zanon N, Nishikuni K, Moreira de Sá RA, Acacio GL, Chmait RH, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero RA.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Jan;214(1):111.e1-111.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.09.065. Epub 2015 Sep 18.
PMID: 26386383

Fetoscopic single-layer repair of open spina bifida using a cellulose patch: preliminary clinical experience
Pedreira DA, Zanon N, de Sá RA, Acacio GL, Ogeda E, Belem TM, Chmait RH, Kontopoulos E, Quintero RA.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2014 Nov;27(16):1613-9. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2013.871701. Epub 2014 Jan 13.
PMID: 24299030

Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction (SIUGR)

Selective intrauterine growth restriction (SIUGR) type II: proposed subclassification to guide surgical management
Chmait, R. H., Chon, A. H., Korst, L. M., Stephen, Y., Llanes, A., & Ouzounian, J. G. (2022). The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 35(6), 1184–1191.
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1745177

Antenatal course of referred monochorionic diamniotic twins complicated by selective intrauterine growth restriction (SIUGR) type III
Chon, A. H., Ma, S. Y., Korst, L. M., Chmait, H. R., Purnell, M. E., & Chmait, R. H. (2021). The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 34(23), 3867–3873.
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1701648

Neurodevelopmental outcome of monochorionic twins with selective intrauterine growth restriction (SIUGR) type II: laser versus expectant management
Quintero, R., Kontopoulos, E., Williams, M. E., Sloop, J., Vanderbilt, D., & Chmait, R. H. (2021). The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 34(10), 1513–1521.
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1638902

Neurodevelopmental outcome of monochorionic twins with selective intrauterine growth restriction (SIUGR) type II: laser versus expectant management
Quintero R, Kontopoulos E, Williams ME, Sloop J, Vanderbilt D, Chmait RH.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2019 Jul 16:1-9. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1638902. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 31309857

Re: Monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy with selective fetal growth restriction Type II: sonographic and fetoscopic findings of poor prognosis
Quintero R, Chmait RH.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Feb;51(2):280. doi: 10.1002/uog.18995. No abstract available.
PMID: 29417679

Doppler US in the Evaluation of Fetal Growth and Perinatal Health
Uquillas KR, Grubbs BH, Prosper AE, Chmait RH, Grant EG, Walker DK.
Radiographics. 2017 Oct;37(6):1831-1838. doi: 10.1148/rg.2017170020. Review.
PMID: 29019748

Decreased Total Placental Mass Found in Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Gestations with Selective Growth Restriction
Van Winden KR, Quintero RA, Kontopoulos EV, Korst LM, Llanes A, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2016;40(2):116-22. doi: 10.1159/000442153. Epub 2016 Jan 20.
PMID: 26784929

Perinatal survival in cases of twin-twin transfusion syndrome complicated by selective intrauterine growth restriction
Van Winden KR, Quintero RA, Kontopoulos EV, Korst LM, Llanes A, Chmait RH.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2015 Sep;28(13):1549-53. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2014.960834. Epub 2014 Sep 29.
PMID: 25184748

Role of low placental share in twin-twin transfusion syndrome complicated by intrauterine growth restriction
Grubbs BH, Benirschke K, Korst LM, Llanes A, Yedigarova L, Chmait RH.
Placenta. 2011 Aug;32(8):616-8. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.05.009. Epub 2011 Jun 12.
PMID: 21664690

Twin Anemia Transfusion Polycythemia (TAPS)

Pre-Operative Twin Anemia/Polycythemia in the Setting of Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS)
Van Winden KR, Quintero RA, Kontopoulos EV, Korst LM, Llanes A, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2015;37(4):274-80. doi: 10.1159/000365919. Epub 2015 Feb 14.
PMID:25721425

Residual vascular communications in twin-twin transfusion syndrome treated with sequential laser surgery: frequency and clinical implications
Chmait RH, Assaf SA, Benirschke K.
Placenta. 2010 Jul;31(7):611-4. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.04.006. Epub 2010 May 6.

Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion (TRAP)

Surgical management of twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence
Quintero RA, Chmait RH, Murakoshi T, Pankrac Z, Swiatkowska M, Bornick PW, Allen MH.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Apr;194(4):982-91.
PMID: 16580287

Placental pathology casebook. Unusually large acardiac twin pregnancy at term
Chmait R, Hull A.
J Perinatol. 2001 Mar;21(2):150-2. No abstract available.
PMID: 11324364

Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS)

Twin-twin transfusion syndrome and the definition of recipient polyhydramnios
Solorio, C., Guenther, J. S., Chon, A. H., Korst, L. M., Glassen, G. L., & Chmait, R. H. (2021). American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 225(6), 683.e1–683.e8.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.06.081

Fetal neurodevelopmental recovery in donors after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Rajagopalan, V., Ashouri, K., Llanes, A., Vanderbilt, D. L., Lepore, N., Bluml, S., Lai, H. A., Wisnowski, J., Chon, A. H., & Chmait, R. H. (2021). Prenatal diagnosis, 41(2), 190–199.
DOI: 10.1002/pd.5866

Membrane Separation and Perinatal Outcomes after Laser Treatment for Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
De Zoysa, M. Y., Chon, A. H., Korst, L. M., Llanes, A., & Chmait, R. H. (2020). Fetal diagnosis and therapy, 47(4), 307–314.
DOI: 10.1159/000504361

Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Complicated by Proximate Placental Cord Insertion Sites: Endoscopic Clip-Assisted Laser Occlusion
Chon, A. H., Pham, H. Q., & Chmait, R. H. (2020). Fetal diagnosis and therapy, 47(10), 779–784.
DOI: 10.1159/000509235

Dual demise following laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome: Analysis of 52 cases at a single fetal surgery center
Youssefzadeh, A. C., Glassen, G. L., Chon, A. H., Korst, L. M., Esakoff, T. F., Afshar, Y., Gheorghe, C. P., Llanes, A., & Chmait, R. H. (2021). Prenatal diagnosis, 41(12), 1548–1559.
DOI: 10.1002/pd.6058

Percent Absent End-Diastolic Velocity in the Umbilical Artery and Donor Twin Demise after Laser Surgery for Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Purnell, M. E., Chon, A. H., Korst, L. M., Llanes, A., Grubbs, B. H., & Chmait, R. H. (2020). Fetal diagnosis and therapy, 47(7), 572–579.
DOI: 10.1159/000505780

Survival Outcomes by Fetal Weight Discordance after Laser Surgery for Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Complicated by Donor Fetal Growth Restriction
Gabby, L. C., Chon, A. H., Korst, L. M., Llanes, A., Miller, D. A., & Chmait, R. H. (2020). Fetal diagnosis and therapy, 1–10. Advance online publication.
DOI: 10.1159/000509032

Risk Factors for Parenting Stress in Parents of Children Treated with Laser Surgery for Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome 2 Years Postpartum
Schifsky, K., Deavenport-Saman, A., Mamey, M. R., Sheth, N., Mirzaian, C. B., Schrager, S. M., Chmait, R. H., & Vanderbilt, D. L. (2021). American journal of perinatology, 38(9), 944–951.
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701194

Evaluation of cardiac function in the recipient twin in successfully treated twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome using a novel fetal speckle-tracking analysis
Harbison, A. L., Pruetz, J. D., Ma, S., Sklansky, M. S., Chmait, R. H., & DeVore, G. R. (2021). Prenatal diagnosis, 41(1), 136–144.
DOI: 10.1002/pd.5835

Delivery timing after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chon AH, Chang MR, Chmait HR, Korst LM, Friedlich PS, Chmait RH.
J Perinatol. 2019 Oct 14. doi: 10.1038/s41372-019-0532-5. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 31611614

Quantitative fetal fibronectin to predict spontaneous preterm delivery after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chon AH, Chan Y, Korst LM, Llanes A, Abdel-Sattar M, Chmait RH.
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 14;9(1):4438. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41163-8.
PMID: 30872799

Characteristics of referred patients with twin-twin transfusion syndrome who did not undergo fetal therapy
Sasso EB, Hardley MT, Bottura I, Korst LM, Ouzounian JG, Chmait RH.
Prenat Diagn. 2019 Mar;39(4):280-286. doi: 10.1002/pd.5427. Epub 2019 Feb 20.
PMID: 30698855

Management of twin-twin transfusion syndrome with an extremely short cervix
Aboudiab MS, Chon AH, Korst LM, Llanes A, Ouzounian JG, Chmait RH.
J Obstet Gynaecol. 2018 Apr;38(3):359-362. doi: 10.1080/01443615.2017.1330324. Epub 2018 Jan 27.
PMID: 29374983

The relationship between preoperative fetal head circumference and 2-year cognitive performance after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chon AH, Mamey MR, Schrager SM, Vanderbilt DL, Chmait RH.
Prenat Diagn. 2018 Feb;38(3):173-178. doi: 10.1002/pd.5204. Epub 2018 Jan 24.
PMID: 29314091

Incidental Septostomy after Laser Surgery for Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome: Perinatal Outcomes and Antenatal Management
Gordon BJ, Chon AH, Korst LM, Llanes A, Miller DA, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2018;44(4):285-290. doi: 10.1159/000485034. Epub 2017 Dec 5.
PMID: 29207382

Risk factors for fetomaternal bleeding after laser therapy for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chon AH, Korst LM, Grubbs BH, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero RA, Chmait RH.
Prenat Diagn. 2017 Dec;37(12):1232-1237. doi: 10.1002/pd.5173. Epub 2017 Dec 3.
PMID: 29071724

Neonatal cerebral lesions predict 2-year neurodevelopmental impairment in children treated with laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chmait RH, Chon AH, Schrager SM, Llanes A, Hamilton AH, Vanderbilt DL.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2019 Jan;32(1):80-84. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1371694. Epub 2017 Sep 6.
PMID: 28835143

Recipient Twin Circular Shunt Physiology Before Fetal Laser Surgery: Survival and Risks for Postnatal Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction
Pruetz JD, Votava-Smith JK, Chmait HR, Korst LM, Llanes A, Chmait RH.
J Ultrasound Med. 2017 Aug;36(8):1595-1605. doi: 10.7863/ultra.16.08038. Epub 2017 Apr 3.
PMID: 28370096

The impact of laser surgery on angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in twin-twin transfusion syndrome: a prospective study
Chon AH, Chavira ER, Wilson ML, Ingles SA, Llanes A, Chmait RH.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Apr;31(8):1085-1091. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1309020. Epub 2017 Apr 3.
PMID: 28320252

Laser Treatment of Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Quintero RA, Kontopoulos E, Chmait RH.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2016 Jun;19(3):197-206. doi: 10.1017/thg.2016.28.
PMID: 27203606

Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome: Definition, Staging, and Ultrasound Assessment
Kontopoulos E, Chmait RH, Quintero RA.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2016 Jun;19(3):175-83. doi: 10.1017/thg.2016.34. Review.
PMID: 27203605

Generalized Arterial Calcification in a Recipient Twin: Discordant Fetal Hemodynamics Result in Differing Phenotypes in Monozygotic Twins with an ABCC6 Mutation
Votava-Smith JK, Pitukcheewanont P, Randolph LM, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2017;41(3):234-236. doi: 10.1159/000444852. Epub 2016 Mar 17.
PMID: 26982014

Fetal brain-sparing after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome appears associated with two-year neurodevelopmental outcomes
Chmait RH, Chon AH, Schrager SM, Llanes A, Hamilton A, Vanderbilt DL.
Prenat Diagn. 2016 Jan;36(1):63-7. doi: 10.1002/pd.4713. Epub 2015 Nov 22.
PMID: 26515250

Donor catch-up growth after laser su r gery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chmait RH, Chon AH, Schrager SM, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero RA, Vanderbilt DL.
Early Hum Dev. 2015 Dec;91(12):751-4. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.08.006. Epub 2015 Sep 10.
PMID: 26364515

Selective Reduction Using Intravascular Potassium Chloride Injection after Laser Surgery for Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Chmait RH, Kontopoulos EV, Jackson M, Horenstein J, Timor-Tritsch I, Quintero RA.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2016;39(4):306-10. doi: 10.1159/000431255. Epub 2015 Jun 9.
PMID: 26067899

Blood pressure evaluation in children treated with laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome at 2-year follow-up
Pruetz JD, Schrager SM, Wang TV, Llanes A, Chmait RH, Vanderbilt DL.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Sep;213(3):417.e1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.05.031. Epub 2015 May 21
PMID: 26003061

Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler findings in the recipient twin before laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Patel S, Quintero RA, Kontopoulos EV, Korst LM, Llanes A, Chmait RH.
J Ultrasound Med. 2015 May;34(5):843-6. doi: 10.7863/ultra.34.5.843.
PMID: 25911718

Identification of essential steps in laser procedure for twin-twin transfusion syndrome using the Delphi methodology: SILICONE study
Peeters SH, Akkermans J, Westra M, Lopriore E, Middeldorp JM, Klumper FJ, Lewi L, Devlieger R, Deprest J, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero R, Chmait RH, Smoleniec JS, Otaño L, Oepkes D.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Apr;45(4):439-46. doi: 10.1002/uog.14761. Epub 2015 Mar 5
PMID: 25504904

Dual twin survival after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chmait RH, Kontopoulos E, Quintero R; USFetus Consortium.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Aug;44(2):244. doi: 10.1002/uog.13425. No abstract available.
PMID: 2508851

Chorioamniotic membrane separation over the cervical os (“moon sign”) in twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Patel S, Korst LM, Llanes A, Lee RH, Ouzounian JG, Chmait RHJ
Ultrasound Med. 2014 Jul;33(7):1147-54. doi: 10.7863/ultra.33.7.1147.
PMID: 24958400

Sequential laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome.
Chmait RH, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero RA.
Am J Perinatol. 2014 Sep;31 Suppl 1:S13-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1382774. Epub 2014 Jun 17. Review.
PMID: 24936936

Predictors of 2-year cognitive performance after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Vanderbilt DL, Schrager SM, Llanes A, Hamilton A, Seri I, Chmait RH.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Oct;211(4):388.e1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.03.050. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
PMID: 24681290

Perioperative characteristics associated with preterm birth in twin-twin transfusion syndrome treated by laser surgery
Chmait RH, Korst LM, Llanes A, Mullin P, Lee RH, Ouzounian JG.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Sep;209(3):264.e1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.05.025. Epub 2013 Jun 7.
PMID: 23747839

Laser treatment of twin-twin transfusion syndrome: what do the data really show?
USFetus Consortium, Quintero RA, Chmait R, Kontopoulos E.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Aug;209(2):157-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.03.018. Epub 2013 Mar 21. No abstract available.
PMID: 23524169

Prevalence and risk factors of cerebral lesions in neonates after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Vanderbilt DL, Schrager SM, Llanes A, Chmait RH.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Oct;207(4):320.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.031.
PMID: 23021698

Vascular limb occlusion in twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS): case series and literature review
Schrey S, Huber A, Hecher K, Quintero R, Alkazaleh F, Moise KJ Jr, Allbert JR, Schneider C, Palermo M, Yinon Y, Chmait RH, Windrim R, Ryan G.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Aug;207(2):131.e1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.005. Epub 2012 Jun 11. Review.
PMID: 22840724

Prevalence of noncardiac structural anomalies in twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Patel S, Randolph LM, Benirschke K, Llanes A, Yedigarova L, Chmait RH.
J Ultrasound Med. 2012 Apr;31(4):555-60.
PMID: 22441911

Neurodevelopmental outcomes after laser therapy for twin-twin transfusion syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Rossi AC, Vanderbilt D, Chmait RH.
Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Nov;118(5):1145-50. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318231827f. Review.
PMID: 22015883

Twin-twin transfusion syndrome treated with laser surgery: postnatal prevalence of congenital heart disease in surviving recipients and donors
Pruetz JD, Sklansky M, Detterich J, Korst LM, Llanes A, Chmait RH.
Prenat Diagn. 2011 Oct;31(10):973-7. doi: 10.1002/pd.2818. Epub 2011 Jul 11.
PMID: 21744364

Stage-based outcomes of 682 consecutive cases of twin-twin transfusion syndrome treated with laser surgery: the USFetus experience
Chmait RH, Kontopoulos EV, Korst LM, Llanes A, Petisco I, Quintero RA.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011 May;204(5):393.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.001. Epub 2011 Mar 15.
PMID: 21411051

Fetal middle cerebral artery Doppler fluctuations after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Aghajanian P, Assaf SA, Korst LM, Miller DA, Chmait RH.
J Perinatol. 2011 May;31(5):368-72. doi: 10.1038/jp.2010.133. Epub 2010 Dec 9.
PMID: 21151008

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)
WAPM Consensus Group on Twin-to-Twin Transfusion, Baschat A, Chmait RH, Deprest J, Gratacós E, Hecher K, Kontopoulos E, Quintero R, Skupski DW, Valsky DV, Ville Y.
J Perinat Med. 2011 Mar;39(2):107-12. doi: 10.1515/JPM.2010.147. Epub 2010 Dec 13.
PMID: 21142846

Normalization of amniotic fluid levels after fetoscopic laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Assaf SA, Korst LM, Chmait RH.
J Ultrasound Med. 2010 Oct;29(10):1431-6.
PMID: 20876896

Postoperative middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity changes confirm physiological principles of the sequential laser technique for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Pathak B, Quintero R, Kontopoulos E, Assaf S, Miller D, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2010;28(3):140-4. doi: 10.1159/000319803. Epub 2010 Sep 14.
PMID: 20838031

Discordant blood chimerism in dizygotic monochorionic laser-treated twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Assaf SA, Randolph LM, Benirschke K, Wu S, Samadi R, Chmait RH.
Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Aug;116 Suppl 2:483-5. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181e4bec7.
PMID: 20664426

Twin-twin transfusion syndrome in a dichorionic-monozygotic twin pregnancy: The end of a paradigm?
Quintero R, Kontopoulos EV, Barness E, Steffensen TS, Hilbelink D, Chmait R, Benirschke K, Bornick PW.
Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2010 Jan;29(2):81-8. doi: 10.3109/15513811003615013. No abstract available.
PMID: 20334482

Trocar-assisted selective laser photocoagulation of communicating vessels: a technique for the laser treatment of patients with twin-twin transfusion syndrome with inaccessible anterior placentas
Quintero RA, Chmait RH, Bornick PW, Kontopoulos EV.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2010 Apr;23(4):330-4. doi: 10.3109/14767050903177177.
PMID: 19941443

Fetal heart rate changes associated with sequential selective laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Assaf SA, Khan A, Korst LM, Chmait RH.
J Perinatol. 2010 Mar;30(3):188-91. doi: 10.1038/jp.2009.151. Epub 2009 Oct 1.
PMID: 19798041

Triplets with feto-fetal transfusion syndrome treated with laser ablation: the USFetus experience
Chmait RH, Kontopoulos E, Bornick PW, Maitino T, Quintero RA.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2010 May;23(5):361-5. doi: 10.1080/14767050903177201.
PMID: 19658042

Umbilical artery hypoplasia in twin-twin transfusion syndrome complicated by discordant umbilical artery Doppler findings in the donor twin: a diagnostic dilemma
Pathak B, Benirschke K, Chmait RH.
J Ultrasound Med. 2009 Aug;28(8):1107-10. No abstract available.
PMID: 19643797

Complete right heart flow reversal: pathognomonic recipient twin circular shunt in twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Pruetz JD, Chmait RH, Sklansky MS.
J Ultrasound Med. 2009 Aug;28(8):1101-6. No abstract available.
PMID: 19643796

Perinatal survival following preferential sequential selective laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chmait RH, Khan A, Benirschke K, Miller D, Korst LM, Goodwin TM.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2010 Jan;23(1):10-6. doi: 10.3109/14767050903128618.
PMID: 19626566

Are patients with twin-twin transfusion syndrome and a very short cervix candidates for laser surgery?
Chavira ER, Khan A, Korst LM, Miller D, Goodwin TM, Chmait RH.
J Ultrasound Med. 2009 May;28(5):633-9.
PMID: 19389902

In utero fetal oximetry via visible light spectroscopy in twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Quintero RA, Chmait RH, Carver J, Bornick PW, Allen MH, Kontopoulos EV.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Dec;199(6):639.e1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.05.026. Epub 2008 Jul 29.
PMID: 18667174

Fetal growth after laser therapy for twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chmait RH, Korst LM, Bornick PW, Allen MH, Quintero RA.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Jul;199(1):47.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.11.062. Epub 2008 Mar 4.
PMID: 18295741

Sequential selective laser photocoagulation of communicating vessels in twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Quintero RA, Ishii K, Chmait RH, Bornick PW, Allen MH, Kontopoulos EV.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2007 Oct;20(10):763-8.
PMID: 17763279

Percent absent end-diastolic velocity in the umbilical artery waveform as a predictor of intrauterine fetal demise of the donor twin after selective laser photocoagulation of communicating vessels in twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Kontopoulos EV, Quintero RA, Chmait RH, Bornick PW, Russell Z, Allen MH.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Jul;30(1):35-9.
PMID: 17587216

Paradoxical scalloped placenta with polyhydramnios in twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chmait RH, Rossi AC, Quintero RA.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2007 Jan;20(1):29-32.
PMID: 17437196

The role of laser surgery in dissecting the etiology of absent or reverse end-diastolic velocity in the umbilical artery of the donor twin in twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Chang YL, Chmait RH, Bornick PW, Allen MH, Quintero RA.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Aug;195(2):478-83. Epub 2006 May 16.
PMID: 16707082

Management of twin-twin transfusion syndrome in pregnancies with iatrogenic detachment of membranes following therapeutic amniocentesis and the role of interim amniopatch
Quintero RA, Kontopoulos EV, Chmait R, Bornick PW, Allen M.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Nov;26(6):628-33.
PMID: 16217744

Ultrasound assessment of venous blood flow before and after laser therapy: approach to understanding the pathophysiology of twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Ishii K, Chmait RH, Martínez JM, Nakata M, Quintero RA.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Aug;24(2):164-8.
PMID: 15287054

Intra-amniotic Doppler measurement of blood flow in placental vascular anastomoses in twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Nakata M, Martínez JM, Díaz C, Chmait R, Quintero RA.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Jul;24(1):102-3. No abstract available.
PMID: 15229926

Umbilical cord occlusion of the donor versus recipient fetus in twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Nakata M, Chmait RH, Quintero RA.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2004 May;23(5):446-50.
PMID: 15133793

The cocoon sign: a potential sonographic pitfall in the diagnosis of twin – twin transfusion syndrome
Quintero RA, Chmait RH.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Jan;23(1):38-41.
PMID: 14970997

Vasa Previa

Is there any role for fetoscopic laser ablation therapy in type-2 vasa previa?
Ibirogba ER, Shazly SA, Chmait RH, Ruano R.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Feb 24. doi: 10.1002/uog.20251. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 30801796

Term vaginal delivery following fetoscopic laser photocoagulation of type II vasa previa
Johnston R, Shrivastava VK, Chmait RH.
Fetal Diagn Ther. 2014;35(1):62-4. doi: 10.1159/000355600. Epub 2013 Nov 15.
PMID: 24246791

Third trimester fetoscopic laser ablation of type II vasa previa
Chmait RH, Chavira E, Kontopoulos EV, Quintero RA.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2010 May;23(5):459-62. doi: 10.1080/14767050903156718.
PMID: 19637106